Three-dimensional geological modelling of anthropogenic deposits at small urban sites: a case study from Sheepcote Valley, Brighton, UK.

Improvements in computing speed and capacity and the increasing collection and digitisation of geological data now allow geoscientists to produce meaningful 3D spatial models of the shallow subsurface in many large urban areas, to predict ground conditions and reduce risk and uncertainty in urban planning. It is not yet clear how useful this 3D modelling approach is at smaller urban scales, where poorly characterised anthropogenic deposits (artificial/made ground and fill) form the dominant subsurface material and where the availability of borehole and other geological data is less comprehensive. This is important as it is these smaller urban sites, with complex site history, which frequently form the focus of urban regeneration and redevelopment schemes. This paper examines the extent to which the 3D modelling approach previously utilised at large urban scales can be extended to smaller less well-characterised urban sites, using a historic landfill site in Sheepcote Valley, Brighton, UK as a case study. Two 3D models were generated and compared using GSI3D™ software, one using borehole data only, one combining borehole data with local geological maps and results from a desk study (involving collation of available site data, including ground contour plans). These models clearly delimit the overall subsurface geology at the site, and allow visualisation and modelling of the anthropogenic deposits present. Shallow geophysical data collected from the site partially validate the 3D modelled data, and can improve GSI3D™ outputs where boundaries of anthropogenic deposits may not be clearly defined by surface, contour or borehole data. Attribution of geotechnical and geochemical properties to the 3D model is problematic without intrusive investigations and sampling. However, combining available borehole data, shallow geophysical methods and site histories may allow attribution of generic fill properties, and consequent reduction of urban development risk and uncertainty.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis in digestive cancers: cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia. The experience in Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Lyon Sud (CHLS).

Intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia (IPCH) with Cytoreductive surgery (CS) has been used in Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Lyon Sud (CHLS) since 1989. Up to 2005, 420 patients were involved in different phase II studies for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal, gastric or ovarian origin, as well as for pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma. Encouraging results were achieved in case of optimal PC cytoreduction. The CHLS experience, as well as the Dutch randomized trial and the international registration, underline the advantage of such an aggressive combined therapy for selected patients in experienced multidisciplinary centers.

[Jaundice from neoplastic lymphangitis in patients undergoing D2/3 lymphadenectomy for gastric neoplasms. Our experience]. / Ittero da linfangite neoplastica nei pazienti sottoposti a linfectomia D2/3 per neoplasia gastrica. Nostra esperienza.

The surgical treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma foresees, toghether with the gastric resection, the lymph nodes resection as indicated by the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer. Obstructive jaundice, as a consequence of lymph nodes metastases, is one of the most debilitating pattern of recurrence. In the present paper three cases of jaundice, observed during the follow-up, after D2-D3 gastric adenocarcinoma resection, with no evidence of lymph nodes recurrence either at the restaging or at the intraoperative esploration are reported. We believe that the jaundice etiology, in the present series, could be due to neoplastic lymphangites of the biliar wall.

[Remission of intraoperative complications in videolaparoscopic surgery of the colorectum]. / Risoluzione delle complicanze intraoperatorie nella chirurgia videolaparoscopica del colon-retto.

Intraoperative morbidity in the laparoscopic approach for colorectal surgery is 5.6%. We tried our experience in 4 out of 70 laparoscopic procedures. In 3 cases it was dealt with one missed estate of the suture of the rectal stump. Two of them were treated with new resection of the rectal stump using in one case the opening of the anastomosis. In 1 case of bleeding of a sacral vessel we practiced a service 6 cm Pfannestiel incision of 6 cm to handle the hemorrhage. Intraoperative morbidity has not modified the course of the postoperative one.

[Laparoscopic treatment of neoplasms of the body end tail of the pancreas: technical notes]. / Trattamento laparoscopico delle neoplasie pancreatiche del corpo coda: appunti di tecnica.

The authors report a new approach to pancreatic laparoscopic body end tail that allows resection for neoplastic disease. This procedure permits en bloc resection using endogia 45 without preventive dissection of splenic vessels.

[Clinical significance of thyroid nodule calcification]. / Significato clinico delle calcificazioni nei noduli tiroidei.

To confirm the predictive value of calcifications in thyroid nodules as a risk factor for malignancy and to detect specific aspects for tumours, in a set of 175 patients--30 papillary carcinoma (PC) and 145 multinodular goiters (MNG) with dominant nodule--calcifications were detected by ultrasound scan. Calcifications were significantly more frequent in PC than in MNG (40% vs 20.7% p < 0.05) but their considered characteristics (size, number, position, location in the gland, sonographic features of the nodule) did not show any particular difference between PC and MNG. The frequency of calcifications in our series was higher in older patients (mean age 58.7 +/- 13.3 vs 51.1 +/- 12.7 in patients without calcifications, p < 0.001) and this could imply that their onset is time-dependent. Calcifications can be a useful indicator of enhanced risk, to be considered in the overall process of surgical decision making.

[Desmoid tumor of rectus muscle of abdomen in a woman of childbearing age: what can we do?]. / Tumore desmoide della parete addominale in una donna in età fertile: cosa possiamo fare?

The desmoid tumor (DT) is a soft tissue neoplasm most frequently localized in the anterior abdominal wall typically in females of childbearing age. Because its particular incidence in women who had recently been pregnant, it was correlated with delivery's trauma stimulating proliferation of muscolo-aponeurotic tissues. Complete surgical resection is the recommended treatment approach to prevent recurrence. Many authors emphasize the role of radiotherapy in regression of DT and in controlling local recurrence in patient who had incomplete resection. Many others emphasize the role of chemotherapy or antiestrogenic compounds, even though tumour does not express estrogen receptors. DT, otherwise, is neoplasm with high rates of recurrence after surgery but it never develops distant metastases, so that function and structure-sparing surgery may be a reasonable choice in young women when possible without leaving macroscopic residual disease. Furthermore literature data suggest that the presence of incomplete histological surgical resection does not correlate with local recurrence and that pregnancy does not represent a risk factor. In women of childbearing age, even after non radical histological DT primary resection, adjunctive radiotherapy, chemotherapy or antiestrogen therapy could be avoided and clinical observation alone may be considered.